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Difference Between Nitrogen Monoxide and Dinitrogen Pentoxide

September 2, 2019 Posted by Madhu

The key difference between nitrogen monoxide and dinitrogen pentoxide is that nitrogen monoxide is a colourless gas while dinitrogen pentoxide is a white solid.

Nitrogen monoxide and dinitrogen pentoxide are chemical compounds containing nitrogen and oxygen. These are oxides of nitrogen. However, they have different chemical and physical properties.

CONTENTS

1. Overview and Key Difference
2. What is Nitrogen Monoxide 
3. What is Dinitrogen Pentoxide
4. Side by Side Comparison – Nitrogen Monoxide vs Dinitrogen Pentoxide in Tabular Form
5. Summary

What is Nitrogen Monoxide?

Nitrogen monoxide is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula NO. We call it nitric oxide since it is an oxide of nitrogen. It is actually a free radical because it has an unpaired electron. Moreover, it is a heteronuclear diatomic molecule.

Key Difference - Nitrogen Monoxide vs Dinitrogen Pentoxide

Figure 01: Structure of Nitrogen Monoxide and the Bond Length between N and O

The molar mass of this compound is 30 g/mol. It occurs as a colourless gas. In addition, its melting point is −164 °C while the boiling point is −152 °C, which are very small values when compared to those of other oxides of nitrogen. We can produce this free radical via oxidation of ammonia at 850 °C in the presence of a platinum catalyst. However, on the laboratory scale, we can prepare it by the reduction of dilute nitric acid with copper.

What is Dinitrogen Pentoxide?

Dinitrogen pentoxide is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula N2O5. We call it nitrogen pentoxide. It is a binary nitrogen oxide. Moreover, it is unstable and can act as a dangerous oxidizer. The molar mass of the compound is 108.01 g/mol. It occurs a white colour solid.

Difference Between Nitrogen Monoxide and Dinitrogen Pentoxide

Figure 02: Structure of Dinitrogen Pentoxide

Furthermore, the melting point of this compound is 41 °C and, at 47 °C this compound undergoes sublimation. This compound reacts with water, giving nitric acid. In addition, the molecular shape of the dinitrogen pentoxide molecule is planar. We can produce this compound via dehydrating nitric acid with phosphorus pentoxide.

What is the Difference Between Nitrogen Monoxide and Dinitrogen Pentoxide?

Nitrogen monoxide is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula NO while Dinitrogen pentoxide is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula N2O5. The key difference between nitrogen monoxide and dinitrogen pentoxide is that nitrogen monoxide is a colourless gas while dinitrogen pentoxide is a white solid. Moreover, we can produce nitrogen monoxide via oxidation of ammonia at 850 °C in the presence of a platinum catalyst. However, the production of dinitrogen pentoxide is via dehydrating nitric acid with phosphorus pentoxide. When considering the molecular shape, nitrogen monoxide is linear while dinitrogen pentoxide is planar.

Difference Between Nitrogen Monoxide and Dinitrogen Pentoxide - Tabular Form

Summary – Nitrogen Monoxide vs Dinitrogen Pentoxide

Nitrogen monoxide is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula NO while Dinitrogen pentoxide is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula N2O5. The key difference between nitrogen monoxide and dinitrogen pentoxide is that nitrogen monoxide is a colourless gas while dinitrogen pentoxide is a white solid.

Reference:

1. Mowry, Curtis, et al. “Materials Characterization Activities for “Take Our Sons&Daughters to Work Day” 2013.” Jan. 2013, doi:10.2172/1096449.

Image Courtesy:

1. “Nitric-oxide-2D” By YinY. – Own work (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia
2. “Dinitrogen pentoxide” By Krishnavedala – Own work (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia

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Filed Under: Inorganic Chemistry

About the Author: Madhu

Madhu is a graduate in Biological Sciences with BSc (Honours) Degree and currently persuing a Masters Degree in Industrial and Environmental Chemistry. With a mind rooted firmly to basic principals of chemistry and passion for ever evolving field of industrial chemistry, she is keenly interested to be a true companion for those who seek knowledge in the subject of chemistry.

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