Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms

Difference Between

Home / Science & Nature / Science / Biology / Biochemistry / Difference Between Oxidative and Nonoxidative Deamination

Difference Between Oxidative and Nonoxidative Deamination

September 27, 2018 Posted by Madhu

The key difference between oxidative and nonoxidative deamination is that the oxidative deamination occurs via the oxidation of amino group amino acids whereas the nonoxidative deamination occurs via reactions other than oxidation.

Deamination is, as its name describes, the removal of an amine group from any molecule. These are chemical reactions catalyzed by deaminase enzymes. In our body, this type of reactions occur in the liver and sometimes in the kidney as well (ex: deamination of glutamate in kidneys). There, the removed amine group converts into ammonia and excreted from our body. Furthermore, there are four main reactions that take place as deamination reactions; they are oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and intramolecular reactions. Out of these, except for oxidation, other reactions are nonoxidative reactions.

CONTENTS

1. Overview and Key Difference
2. What is Oxidative Deamination
3. What is Nonoxidative Deamination
4. Side by Side Comparison – Oxidative vs Nonoxidative Deamination in Tabular Form
5. Summary

What is Oxidative Deamination?

Oxidative deamination is the process of removal of an amine group from a molecule via oxidation. This type of reactions largely occurs in liver and kidney. It involves the generation of alpha-keto acids and some other oxidized products from amine groups. This reaction is very important in the catabolism of amino acids. It forms a catabolized product from amino acids. the byproduct of this reaction is ammonia which is a toxic byproduct. Here, the amine group converts into ammonia. And then, this ammonia converts into urea and excreted from our body.

Difference Between Oxidative and Nonoxidative Deamination

Figure 01: Oxidative Deamination of Glutamate

Most of the times, glutamic acid or glutamate is the main reactant of this type of reactions. Because, glutamic acid is the end product of many transamination reactions that take place in our cells. Furthermore, the enzyme involved in this reaction is glutamate dehydrogenase. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of an amino group to an alpha-keto acid group. Also, there is another enzyme that involves in this type of reactions. It is the monoamine oxidase enzyme that catalyzes the deamination via the addition of oxygen.

What is Nonoxidative Deamination?

Nonoxidative deamination is the process of removal of an amine group from a molecule via different reactions other than oxidation. We call it “direct deamination” without oxidation. These reactions include reduction, hydrolysis and intramolecular reactions. However, this reaction also involves the production of toxic byproduct ammonia from amino acids. Moreover, the most common amino acids that undergo this type of reactions are serine, threonine, cysteine and histidine. Similarly, the most common enzymes involved in this reaction are dehydratases, lyases and amide hydrolases.

Key Difference Between Oxidative and Nonoxidative Deamination

Figure 02: Serine that undergoes Nonoxidative Deamination

Reduction deamination occurs via reduction of amine group into a fatty acid. Hydrolytic deamination involves the conversion of amine group into the hydroxy acid group. From the intramolecular reaction, the amine group converts into an unsaturated fatty acid group. As an example, dehydratase enzymes can convert serine into pyruvate and ammonia and also it can convert threonine into alpha-ketobutyrate and ammonia.

What is the Difference Between Oxidative and Nonoxidative Deamination?

Deamination is the removal of an amine group from a molecule. Thus, in deamination, the amine group converts into different other products depending on the type of reaction it undergoes. The key difference between oxidative and nonoxidative deamination is that the oxidative deamination occurs via the oxidation of amino group amino acids whereas the nonoxidative deamination occurs via reactions other than oxidation. Because of this difference, the chemical reactions involved in these processes are also different from each other. That is, the oxidative deamination involves oxidation while the nonoxidative deamination involves reduction, hydrolysis or intramolecular reactions. Furthermore, another significant difference between oxidative and nonoxidative deamination is in the enzymes involved in these reactions. That is, the glutamate dehydrogenase and monoamine oxidase involve in the oxidative process whereas the dehydratases, lyases, and amide hydrolases involve in the nonoxidative process as enzymes.

The below infographic outlines the difference between oxidative and nonoxidative deamination in tabular form.

Difference Between Oxidative and Nonoxidative Deamination in Tabular Form

Summary – Oxidative vs Nonoxidative Deamination

Deamination is the liberation of ammonia via the deamination of an amine group. There are two major types of oxidative and nonoxidative deamination. The nonoxidative deamination includes reactions other than oxidation such as reduction, hydrolysis, and intramolecular reactions. Hence, the key difference between oxidative and nonoxidative deamination is that the oxidative deamination occurs via the oxidation of amino group amino acids whereas the nonoxidative deamination occurs via reactions other than oxidation.

Reference:

1. “Oxidative Deamination.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Apr. 2018. Available here 
2. Ahmed, Minhaz. “TRANSDEAMINATION AND DEAMINATION.” LinkedIn SlideShare, 24 Apr. 2014. Available here 

Image Courtesy:

1.”Oxidative deamination”By Tomas Drab – Own work, (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia  
2.”Serine” (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia 

Related posts:

Difference Between Glycerol and Fatty AcidsDifference Between Glycerol and Fatty Acids Difference Between Topoisomerase I and IIDifference Between Topoisomerase I and II Difference Between Protein A and Protein GDifference Between Protein A and Protein G Difference Between Intracellular and Extracellular EnzymesDifference Between Intracellular and Extracellular Enzymes Difference Between L and D Amino AcidsDifference Between L and D Amino Acids

Filed Under: Biochemistry

About the Author: Madhu

Madhu is a graduate in Biological Sciences with BSc (Honours) Degree and currently persuing a Masters Degree in Industrial and Environmental Chemistry. With a mind rooted firmly to basic principals of chemistry and passion for ever evolving field of industrial chemistry, she is keenly interested to be a true companion for those who seek knowledge in the subject of chemistry.

Comments

  1. Chandramouli Avuti says

    April 15, 2019 at 4:29 am

    Good explanation.But can we say that in oxidative deamination amino group is oxidised to imine group but not in non oxidative deamination

    Reply

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Request Article

Featured Posts

Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms

Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms

Difference Between Coronavirus and SARS

Difference Between Coronavirus and SARS

Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza

Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza

Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19

Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19

You May Like

Difference Between Act and Law

Difference Between Act and Law

What is the Difference Between Mucor and Aspergillus

What is the Difference Between Mucor and Aspergillus

Difference Between Cultural and Ethnic

Difference Between Cultural and Ethnic

Difference Between Cricket and Grasshopper

Difference Between ABN and ACN

Difference Between ABN and ACN

Latest Posts

  • What is the Difference Between Coconut Oil and Virgin Coconut Oil
  • What is the Difference Between Wintrobe and Westergren Tube
  • What is the Difference Between Coarctation and Hypoplastic Aortic Arch
  • What is the Difference Between Acquired Brain Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury
  • What is the Difference Between Sensory and Cerebellar Ataxia
  • What is the Difference Between Corneal Ulcer and Corneal Opacity
  • Home
  • Vacancies
  • About
  • Request Article
  • Contact Us

Copyright © 2010-2018 Difference Between. All rights reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal.