The key difference between DSM IV and DSM V autism is that the symptoms of DSM IV autism appear at early development while the symptoms of DSM V autism appear prior to 3 years in humans.
DSM is the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, especially autism, of the American Psychiatric Association, and it consists of many editions. Autism is a neurological and developmental disorder that causes difficulties in communication skills, learning, and behaviour. The symptoms related to social communication and interaction include inconsistent eye contact, infrequent sharing of interest and emotions, inability to look or listen to people who are talking, difficulty in adjusting to behaviours related to social situations, etc. They also show repetitive restrictive behaviours such as repeating words and phrases. Applied behaviour analysis (ABA) is the most widely used therapeutic approach for autism.
CONTENTS
1. Overview and Key Difference
2. What is DSM IV Autism
3. What is DSM V Autism
4. Similarities – DSM IV and DSM V Autism
5. DSM IV vs DSM V Autism in Tabular Form
6. Summary – DSM IV vs DSM V Autism
What is DSM IV Autism?
DSM IV autism is the diagnostic criteria for autism that can be utilized at an early developmental level of an individual. DSM IV stands for diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition and is the official manual of the APA (American psychiatric association). The ultimate objective of DSM IV is to provide a framework for the classification of mental disorders and provide definitive diagnostic criteria for the disorders listed in DSM IV. It includes restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour or activities. DSM IV category includes at least 2 of the 4 criteria. This includes stereotyped repetitive motor movements, ritualized patterns or non-verbal movements, insistence on sameness, and hyper or hypo activity.
Individuals with DSM IV autism also show apparent indifference to pain, temperature, sounds, smell, touch, or visual/light movements. Therefore, this is regarded as an early diagnosis of autism.
What is DSM V Autism?
DSM V stands for diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders fifth edition and is the official updated manual of the APA (American psychiatric association). DSM V provides descriptive information that relates to abnormal psychological or behavioural patterns that take place in an individual.
DSV V autism explains the type of autism based on the symptoms shown from birth to the age of 3. DSM V autism diagnosis has to include at least one of the four criteria specified. The criteria include encompassing preoccupation, apparent inflexible adherence, repetitive motor movements, and persistent preoccupation.
What are the Similarities Between DSM IV and DSM V Autism?
- DSM IV and DSM V autism explain the diagnostic criteria levels of autism.
- DSM IV and DSM V autism criteria were introduced by APA.
- They consist of prognosis and diagnosis techniques.
- A lot of research is required to develop these criteria.
- Moreover, qualitative research plays an important role in DSM IV and V autism.
- Moreover, there are various therapeutic approaches to address autism.
- Both are disorders mainly observed in humans.
What is the Difference Between DSM IV and DSM V Autism?
The symptoms of DSM IV autism appear at early development, while the symptoms of DSM V autism appear prior to age 3 in humans. This is the key difference between DSM IV and V autism. DSM IV autism needs to have at least 2 out of the 4 criteria. DSM V autism needs to have at least 1 out of the 4 criteria. Moreover, DSM IV is the fourth version of diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders, while DSM V is the fifth version of diagnostic statistical manual of autism disorders.
The following table summarizes the difference between DSM IV and DSM V autism.
Summary – DSM IV vs DSM V Autism
DSM is the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, especially autism, of the American Psychiatric Association. DSM IV autism is the criterion that is used to characterize autism at the developmental stage, while DSM V autism is the criterion that is used to characterize autism from birth to 3 years. However, both criteria are based on research evidence with regard to different levels of autism. While DSM IV autism needs to at least have 2 characteristics out of the 4 criteria, DSM V autism needs to have at least 1 characteristic out of the 4 criteria. This summarizes the difference between DSM IV and DSM V autism
Reference:
1. “Autism Spectrum Disorder.” National Institute of Mental Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
2. Carl C. Bell, MD. “DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.” JAMA, JAMA Network.
Image Courtesy:
1. “DSM-IV to DSM-V DDNOS to OSDD” By Traumadissociation.com – Other Specified Dissociative Disorder. Traumadissociation.com. (CC BY-SA 4.0) via Commons Wikimedia
2. “Autism Spectrum Disorders subcategories” By Anwer2007 – Own work (CC BY-SA 4.0) via Commons Wikimedia
