The key difference between pyridoxal 5 phosphate and pyridoxine hydrochloride is that pyridoxal 5 phosphate is highly efficient compared to pyridoxine hydrochloride.
Pyridoxal 5 phosphate or simply pyridoxal phosphate is an organic compound and is the active form of vitamin B6. Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a form of vitamin B6 that occurs in food and is useful as a dietary supplement.
CONTENTS
1. Overview and Key Difference
2. What is Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate
3. What is Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
4. Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate vs Pyridoxine Hydrochloride in Tabular Form
5. Summary – Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate vs Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
What is Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate
Pyridoxal 5 phosphate or simply pyridoxal phosphate is an organic compound and is the active form of vitamin B6. It is useful as a coenzyme in various different enzymatic reactions. The chemical formula of this compound is C8H10NO6P. The molar mass of pyridoxal 5 phosphate is 247.14 g/mol.
Usually, this compound can act as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions along with certain decarboxylation, deamination, and racemization reactions that involve amino acids. There is an aldehyde group in the pyridoxal 5 phosphate that can form a Schiff-base linkage with an amino group of a specific lysine group of the enzyme aminotransferase.
Figure 01: The Chemical Structure of Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate
When considering the role of this substance in the human body, it is important in the metabolism and biosynthesis of serotonin, metabolism and biosynthesis of histamine, metabolism and biosynthesis of GABA, and metabolism of ornithine and transamination.
Pyridoxal 5 phosphate can be biosynthesized from vitamers, prototrophy, DXP-dependent biosynthesis route, DXP-independent biosynthesis route, and abiotic synthesis.
What is Pyridoxine Hydrochloride?
Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a form of vitamin B6 that occurs in food and is useful as a dietary supplement. When used as a supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride is useful to treat and prevent pyridoxine deficiency, sideroblastic anaemia, pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy, certain metabolic disorders, etc. The chemical formula of this compound is C8H11NO3.
Figure 02: The Chemical Structure of Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
There can be occasional side effects such as headaches, numbness, and sleepiness. Typically, small doses are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Our body requires pyridoxal hydrochloride to metabolize amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. The typical sources of this substance include fruits, vegetables, and grain. Moreover, it is required for muscle phosphorylase activity that is associated with glycogen metabolism.
What is the Difference Between Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride?
Pyridoxal 5 phosphate or simply pyridoxal phosphate is an organic compound and is the active form of vitamin B6. Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a form of vitamin B6 that occurs in food and is useful as a dietary supplement. The key difference between pyridoxal 5 phosphate and pyridoxine hydrochloride is that pyridoxal 5 phosphate is considered highly efficient compared to pyridoxine hydrochloride. Moreover, pyridoxal 5 phosphate is important in the metabolism and biosynthesis of serotonin, metabolism and biosynthesis of histamine, metabolism and biosynthesis of GABA, metabolism of ornithine and transamination. Pyridoxine hydrochloride, on the other hand, is important to treat and prevent vitamin B6 deficiency that comes from poor diet, certain medications and some medical conditions
The below infographic presents the differences between pyridoxal 5 phosphate and pyridoxine hydrochloride in tabular form for side by side comparison.
Summary – Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate vs Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
Pyridoxal 5 phosphate or simply pyridoxal phosphate is an organic compound and is the active form of vitamin B6. Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a form of vitamin B6 that occurs in food and is useful as a dietary supplement. The key difference between pyridoxal 5 phosphate and pyridoxine hydrochloride is that pyridoxal 5 phosphate is considered highly efficient compared to pyridoxine hydrochloride.
Reference:
Laber, Bernd, et al. “Vitamin B6 Biosynthesis: Formation of Pyridoxine 5′-Phosphate from 4-(Phosphohydroxy)-l-Threonine and 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate by PdxA and PDXJ Protein.” FEBS Letters, No Longer Published by Elsevier, 16 Apr. 1999.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Pyridoxal-phosphate” By Fvasconcellos 23:46, 30 April 2007 (UTC) – Own work (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia
2. “Pyridoxin” By NEUROtiker ⇌ – Own work (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia