The key difference between variolation and vaccination is the method of immunization. Variolation involves administering live viruses to develop immunity of the host while vaccination involves administering an attenuated virus in response to an infection. Immunization acts as both a prophylactic and a therapeutic method for infection prevention and treatment. There are different methods of […]
Difference Between Opsonization and Neutralization
The key difference between opsonization and neutralization relies on the way they perform the immunological response. In opsonization, the pathogens are marked prior to being destroyed while in neutralization, the effect of the pathogen is neutralized. Immunologic responses can be innate or adaptive. Pathogens possess pathogen recognition receptors, which make it easier to be identified […]
Difference Between Antiserum and Antibody
The key difference between antiserum and antibody is that antiserum is blood serum that is rich in specific antibodies against an infective organism or a poisonous substance, while antibody is an immunoglobulin protein that identifies and binds with foreign antigens that enter into our bloodstream. Antibodies play a major role in our immune system by […]
Difference Between Serum and Antiserum
The key difference between serum and antiserum is that serum is the straw coloured fluid component of blood without blood cells and clotting factors, while antiserum is antibody-rich serum obtained from an immunized animal or human. Blood is a specialized body fluid that circulates throughout our body, delivering essential substances such as oxygen and nutrients […]
Difference Between Central and Peripheral Tolerance
The key difference between central and peripheral tolerance is that thymus and bone marrow are the places that induce the state of central tolerance while lymph nodes and other tissues are the places that induce the state of peripheral tolerance. Immune tolerance is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissues […]
Difference Between Microphage and Macrophage
The key difference between microphage and macrophage is that the microphage is a type of small phagocyte living only for a few days while the macrophage is a type of larger phagocyte with a longer life. Our immune system fights with invading pathogenic microorganisms and keeps us safe. Hence, it is a complex system that executes […]
Difference Between Direct and Indirect Immunofluorescence
The key difference between direct and indirect immunofluorescence is that the direct immunofluorescence uses a single antibody that works against the target of interest while the indirect immunofluorescence uses two antibodies to label the target of interest. Immunofluorescence or cell imaging is a technique that is used to label a specific target antigen with a […]
Difference Between TH1 and TH2 Helper Cells
Key Difference – TH1 vs TH2 Helper Cells Type 1 T helper (TH1) cells and Type 2 T helper (TH2) cells are two sub types of T helper cells that can be distinguished by the type of cytokines that they secrete. TH1 cells secrete interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and mainly protect the organism against intracellular pathogens. […]
Difference Between A and B Antigens
Key Difference – A vs B Antigens Blood is an essential transportation fluid in our body. It contains different cells such as red blood cells and white blood cells. Red blood cells account for 45 % of the total volume while white blood cells account for just 1 %. The rest of the 55 […]
Difference Between Cytokines and Chemokines
Key Difference – Cytokines vs Chemokines Immunity can be either innate or adaptive. Within them, immune responses are of different types. Inflammation is an immune response observed in both innate and adaptive immunity. Inflammation occurs through protein molecules known as cytokines. Cytokines are secretory small proteins. They are secreted as an inflammatory response. They are […]