Mutation is the change in the DNA base pair sequence. It can happen due to environmental factors or mistakes in DNA replications. Loss of function and gain of function mutation are two different types of mutations. The key difference between gain of function and loss of function mutation is their effect. When a gain of […]

Have you ever wondered how traits and characteristics are passed down from generation to generation? This happens through a phenomenon called genetic inheritance. There are two main inheritance patterns. They are the chromosomal inheritance and extrachromosomal inheritance. What is the difference between chromosomal and extrachromosomal inheritance? In chromosomal inheritance, genes present on the chromosomes pass […]

The key difference between intergenic and intragenic interaction is that intergenic interaction occurs when two or more independent genes present on the same or different chromosomes interact to produce phenotypic expression, while intragenic interaction occurs when two alleles on the same gene locus of two homologous chromosomes of a gene interact to produce phenotypic expression. […]

The key difference between SMN1 and SMN2 gene is that a mutation in the SMN1 gene leads to spinal muscular atrophy, while a mutation in the SMN2 gene does not lead to spinal muscular atrophy. SMN1 and SMN2 genes are two identical genes located within an inverted duplicated region on chromosome 5q13.2. They are 99% […]

The key difference between autosomal and X-linked pedigree is that autosomal pedigree describes the inheritance of traits of the genes in autosomes, while X-linked pedigree describes the inheritance of traits of the genes in sex chromosomes. A pedigree graphically represents the presence or absence of a trait with reference to the relationship among parents, offspring, […]

The key difference between HG19 and HG38 is that HG19 is a human reference genome that has 7 regions with alternate loci, while HG38 is a human reference genome that has 207 regions with alternate loci. Reference genomes play an important role in mapping DNA sequences for phylogenetic and bioinformatics-based analyses. It represents a complete […]

The key difference between mutation rate and substitution rate is that mutation rate is the frequency of occurrence of new mutations in a single gene based on deletions, insertions, or substitutions, while substitution rate is the rate of mutations that occur due to substitution of nucleotides in the DNA sequence. Mutation is a common term […]

The key difference between point mutations and indels is that point mutations are a type of mutation in a DNA sequence where a single nucleotide is changed due to change, addition, or deletion, while indels are the insertions or deletions of one or more nucleotides in the DNA sequence. A mutation is a change in […]

The key difference between multiple alleles and lethal alleles is that multiple alleles involve more than just the typical two alleles that usually control a certain character in an organism, while lethal alleles are responsible for the death of the organism that carries them. An allele is a variant form of a gene. Some genes […]

The key difference between homologous recombination and non-homologous recombination is that homologous recombination takes place through strand invasion to produce recombinant chromosomes, while non-homologous recombination takes place through end processing to seal double-stranded breaks.  Recombination is an important process for genomic evolution and diversification. The process by which damaged DNA is repaired is the mechanism […]